The Modernity Of Dracula By Bram Stoker - 1774 Words

Tyler Hunt Mr. Bowden - 6 English 4 GT/AP 29 January 2016 The Modernity of Dracula Introduction On May 26, 1897 Bram Stoker published his first popular novel, Dracula. It was written in a time when a significant shift from religious to scientific views was taking place. The book is set in the same time and came to generally reflect the views that many people had about science and religion. As a child, Stoker’s mother would tell him old tales and legends that were very popular in the early Victorian Ages (Geherin). There were many different stories about the dead rising from the grave and terrible beasts that tormented and killed people. These gothic tales can clearly be seen in his work especially the popular vampire tale. Vampires are corpses that rise from the dead and possess supernatural powers such as being able to turn into a bat along with living forever and being as strong as many men. They are souls that are â€Å"disturbed† and the only way of bringing one to peace is to kill it with religious symbols, wood stakes, or silver. While being a vampire ma y sound cool, they actually tend to be quite evil beings. The whole point of their existence is to attack and bite other people in order to control them and make them do as they please. In the story after Harker escapes from Count Dracula s castle The Count starts to hunt down his fiancees friend Lucy. After biting Lucy, Harker and his friends are in complete disarray about what is wrong with her. Dr. Seward whoShow MoreRelatedReview Of Dracula By Bram Stoker1568 Words   |  7 PagesItself Dracula is a gothic horror novel written by Bram Stoker in the year 1897. The novel is set primarily in England and Transylvania in the late 1890s. The novel follows the story of Dracula, an extremely powerful vampire, and his conflict with a small group of men and women led by Dr. Seward and Van Helsing. 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During the earlyRead MoreDracula: The Contemporary Dissolution of His Purpose Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesIn Bram Stoker’s Dracula, Dracula is representative of the superhuman ideal that man is striving to achieve. Dracula is a strong willed, powerful, brilliant masculine figure, and through these characteristics he appeals to the contemporary reader. The 1992 production of Bram Stoker’s Dracula, directed by Francis Ford Coppola, highlights the contemporary appeasement in satanic creatures, through the justification of Dracula and the corruption that follows, reducing if not entirely diminishing theRead MoreThe Anxieties Of Modernity In Frankenstein And Dracula981 Words   |  4 Pagesselect gothic literature, anxieties of the times in which they were written tend to surface through important themes, characters and settings. Frankenstein written by Mary Shelley in 1818 and Dracula written by Bram Stoker in 1897 both share this characteristic by working through the anxieties of modernity, here meaning â€Å"the condition of being modern† , specifically between new world science and technology versus old world spirituality and faith. This manifests predominantly as the old traditionalRead MoreBram Stoker s Dracula - Dracula1964 Words   |  8 PagesHargrave 7/25/2016 Eng 2305 Dracula Interpretive Essay In Bram Stoker’s Dracula, we are introduced to the monster that is Dracula. Throughout his Stoker touches on several themes of Dracula’s monstrosity. This paper will explore Bram Stoker’s Dracula under the theory of, â€Å"The Monster Dwells at the Gates of Difference† The rejection of modernity, sexual expression, and the xenophobic threat from Old World Europe are all gates of difference that Stoker touches on. Dracula dwells at the gates of differenceRead MoreDracula964 Words   |  4 Pagesmain characters in the novel, Dracula by Bram Stoker. Lucy is a beautiful young lady whose innocence and virtuous being draws three suitors to her. Although, this portrayed innocence is not the only thing that is drawing these men towards her. Lucy has a sexual appeal to her personality, much different than her best friend Mina Murray and the typical Victorian woman. This sense of sexual desire will eventually lead her right into the dangerous and evil arms of Count Dracula. The Count only has the abilityRead MoreEssay about Dracula vs Van Helsing958 Words   |  4 PagesDracula reflects both Bram Stoker’s context and his interest in controversial ideas. Use ‘Dracula’ and ‘Van Helsing’ to demonstrate what concepts and concerns have endured and how they have been represented in both texts. JUSTIN LIANG Dracula ( novel) written by Bram stoker is a text which reflects its English Victorian era context, where gender roles were repressed and science and religion had a conflicting relationship. Van Helsing (Stephen Summers) is a contemporary reproduction which demonstratesRead Moredracula1785 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Eun-Ah Lee Professor L. Tromly ENGL 1200 A01 5 April 2013 The Effect of Supernatural Aspects on the Victorian Society Bram Stoker s Dracula, presents an interesting perspective on death and illness in the Victorian period. This can be viewed as a creativity on Stoker s part, or as a form of religious or social commentary on his changing era. There are several flaws presented throughout the novel as the plot unfolds, which are: characters in the novel dismiss the old traditional belief of

The Progresive Reform Movement Essay examples - 945 Words

The Progressive Reform Movement played an instrumental role in uplifting American society to new heights. The movement was fairly successful in curing the ills brought on by the massive industrial growth of the late 19th century. Rich executives who had created monopolies and trusts were deemed to have become too powerful, and political imbalances were ruled to be unacceptable. Progressive reform was a cornerstone of the early 1900s and was the issue that defined several presidencies. The Progressive Movement was a result of a century of economic and social neglect. It strived to correct the economic, social, political, and moral justices that had plagued the 19th century and to instill fairness and equal rights for all. Two key goals†¦show more content†¦This modification of the Constitution gave women the right to vote, and effectively created a whole new slant on politics. Corrupt governments began to falter because of the new voting bloc and political party hierarchies began to crumble. The Progressive Movement not only revolution the political landscape of America, but also molded a brand new economic infrastructure. Prior to the movement, the US government enacted a policy of laissez-faire towards the economy. From the early 1800s till the panics of 1893 and 1907 the economy boomed. Politicians were skeptical of pushing reform because they feared that public opinion favored less regulation. However, by the turn of the century this began to change. Due to the Panics of 1893 and 1907 Americans began to demand change. The rise of a more liberal middle class began to change the political outlook of the early 1900s. These people favored fairness in the workplace and more regulation. Two key actions taken by the government to support these goals included the creation of the Federal Reserve and the Federal Trade Commission. The Federal Reserve Board became the central banking system of America. First, it removed the lack of elasticity in the American c urrency. It also prevented privately-run banks from exploiting the currency or banding together in order to drive up premiums and fees. The Federal Reserve was effective in driving down economic corruption and regulating the economy. The Federal Trade

Parallel LellaraP Free Essays

Then Nodal thought to himself, â€Å"What if there was a parallel world Now we enter the life of London, who is doing anything except for read Eng a book. â€Å"l really hate doing homework,† London said. â€Å"To bad it’s the beginning of the year. We will write a custom essay sample on Parallel LellaraP or any similar topic only for you Order Now † his friend Christian said. Just like Nodal, London wanted the new parallel universe e machine, but they both don’t have the money. Even though they were very opposite, the e machine was the only thing Nodal and London wanted. So for Christmas London got the machine, and for Nodal graduation ca me around and they tooth got the machine. But the thing is, it din ‘t come with batteries. Know a powerful device that let’s you travel from universe to Universe needs batteries. The battery is not going to stop them the machine has a lot of money an d they didn’t have the money for batteries. So every day London and Nodal asked their parents for money. They asked their friends for money, they asked their enemies for money, and they even asked complete strangers for money. Until one day London and Nodal did the last thing they could, they took the batteries out of the remote. So when London and Nod mol got the batteries out of the remote and into the machine, they were ready. They powered it up and selected maneuvered for the destination on dial and there was a flash! The next thing they knew London and Nodal were in each other s universes. To them everything looked the same but little did they know everything was a bout to change. â€Å"Where am l? ‘ London said â€Å"everything looks the same except there is no TV in this room. Is it my room in this world? † London was so shocked he didn’t know what to d o. But there is no time for Loon’s stories. Now we travel to where Nodal went. â€Å"Where am I? ‘ Nodal said â€Å"Oh no I traveled to a world without any books! Oh hers one, City of Ember, what is this? ‘ As London on and Nodal were just getting used to the worlds they’ve traveled to, they read the box the machine came in which said â€Å"Thank you for buying the world traveler 237 please be noted that this machine only goes one way then disappears until you buy another one. Once again thanks oh and have a good day. † â€Å"Alright I had enough fun time to go back. Oh no, where did the machine go? † London said frightened. Someone should have told him to read the box. â€Å"It’s time to go baa KC to my world, I can’t stay in a world no books. Where’s the machine, I musty misplaced it I’ll find it Oh no I can’t find it I’m stuck here forever!!!! † Nodal said. It took London and Nodal a very long time to get used to the new world they were in. But finally they had to except the fact that they were never going back to t heir old worlds. And in the end, they forgot all about going to different universes and just live d their life. That’s why you should always read the box. How to cite Parallel LellaraP, Papers

Pos Malaysia VS Gdex comparative study free essay sample

The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the current and prospective profitability, liquidity and financial stability of Pos Malaysia Berhad and on its competitors’ GD Express Sdn Bhd within five years of historical financial statement on both companies. Both companies are incorporated in Malaysia, listed in Bursa Malaysia and in the same industry with are postage services. The time frame for five year historical financial statement both companies that we used as a sample to our study is within 2008 to 2012. The financial year end is different between both companies. Pos Malaysia Berhad financial year end is on 31 December each year. In year 2011, financial year end for Pos Malaysia Berhad had change to 31 March each year due to changing in CEO. During that year, the company recorded 15 month performance for 2011/12. Meanwhile GD Express Sdn Bhd financial year is on 30 June each year. Methods of analysis used for this study include trend, horizontal and vertical analyses as well as ratios. All calculations on vertical analysis, horizontal analysis and ratio for both companies can refer in the appendices. The report also investigates the fact that the analysis conducted may have its financial distress and the abilities of the company in order for them to survive. This study also includes interpretation on Pos Malysia Berhad and GC Express Sdn Bhd performances based on quatitative and qualitative aspects. 2. 0 Pos Malaysia Berhad 2. 1. Company Profile POS has gone through a long journey in its postal business that can be traced back to the 1800s. Its identity as the national postal service provider remains strong even until today. POS had become a corporate entity in 1992 followed by a corporate exercise that made it part of the listed entity, Pos Malaysia and Services Holdings Bhd. Started as a medium for the transmissions of letters, newspapers and business documents, the postal service soon evolved into a multiple services provider. It began to venture into parcel delivery, registrations, insurance service, transaction of money (postal order and money order) and investment of funds. The postal service, then known as Jabatan Perkhidmatan Pos, also began to take over numerous services on behalf of the Government machineries. It started to collect payment of electricity bill, sale of dog license, payment of pensions, sale of television license and others. The name has change from Jabatan Perkhidmatan Pos to Pos Malaysia Berhad in 21st century. In 2003, POS had undertaken a major operations restructuring which had resulted to business units as PosMel for day-to-day mailing services for both public and retail, PosLaju for premier courier services and PosNiaga for accessibility to Pos Malaysia business through its network of over 1,000 outlets and access points. Through another corporate exercise, the listing status of Pos Malaysia and Services Holdings Bhd was transferred to Pos Malaysia in 2007. DRB-HICOM had acquired a 32. 21% stake in POS from Khazanah for RM622. 79m or RM3. 60/share. However, in accordance with the agreement, DRB-HICOM was given a refund of RM0. 10/share or RM17. 3m as the conglomerate was unable to secure the Federal Lands Commissioner-owned (FLC) land parcels. This then brought the acquisition cost to RM605. 5m or RM3. 50/share. Following the sales and purchase agreement, POS had emerged as one of DRBHICOM’s associate companies allowing for further strategic integration among the two groups. 2. 2. Vision and Mission Pos Malaysia Berhad vision is to become the trusted leader in the delivery of integrity physical and digital solutions. Meanwhile, their mission is to Deliver excellent customer experience and convenience in the areas of communications, logistics, financial services and supply chain solutions at the highest level of reliability and integrity. 2. 3. Business Clusters Pos Malaysia’s 5 Business Clusters, aimed to provide quality, reliable, timely and innovative solutions to our customers, encompasses the following: Communication and Distribution Solutions (CDS) Extending the scope of mail services, CDS leverages on the strength of our extensive physical delivery network to provide customers with total communications and distribution solutions. The conventional mail business forms the core component of CDS followed by other strategic initiatives such as PosEdaran and Direct Mail. Supply Chain Solutions (SCS) SCS is formed to strengthen our domestic courier business, pursue international courier segment and venture into niche logistics. PosLaju brand will drive the growth for both domestic and international courier businesses, whilst Al-Ajwa, logistics warehousing business will complement and complete the services under SCS. One-Stop Solutions (OSS) OSS focuses on providing convenience to customers by offering financial and insurance products and services as well as other retail offerings under one roof. OSS products and services will be identified, designed and delivered through PosNiaga, Pos Insurance, [emailprotected] and [emailprotected] Digital Solutions (DS) All our digital based offerings including our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Datapos Sdn. Bhd. and Digicert Sdn. Bhd. will be consolidated under DS to ultimately offer total digital solutions. This new cluster aims to strengthen our current businesses and explore to capitalization of digitization opportunities and trends. International Business Solutions (IS) IBS manages the operations for cross-border mail and parcel services, as well as enhancing relationship with other international postal operators and aims to position Pos Malaysia as the leading international hub in the region. Pos Malaysia International and Asia Xpress are part of the solutions provided under IBS. 2. 4. Major products and services Mail business PosMel Direct Mail PosEdaran; MyDespatch and MyShopping Courier business On-Demand Pick-up Services (ODP) Pos Laju Prepaid Boxes and Padded Envelops Retail business Pos-on-Wheels (PoW) PosShoppe Shared Banking Services (SBS) Pos 1Malaysia Insurance: Family Plan International Express Money Order (IEMO) Issuance of Joint Stamps with Indonesia Opportunities with Uni. Asia General Insurance Berhad (UAG) PosAssurance One-Stop Solutions [emailprotected] 2. 5. SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Pos Malaysia has monopoly of mail delivery services Support from business and bulk mails Wide user base which spans across the country Competitive pricing against other courier service providers Network of over 1,000 outlets or access points includes Pos Malaysia Outlets, Pos Minis, Pos24 (Self Service Terminals), Post-On-Wheels (Mobile Outlets), postal agents and stamp agents, making it one of the most extensive retail network in Malaysia. Business model mainly focused on conventional mail delivery services Lack of close competitors and this might discourage further business innovation Opportunities Threats Attractive pricing as compared to smaller competitors due to its monopoly position Synergies with DRB-HICOM Group’s companies such as Bank Muamalat Major portfolio of land parcels, particularly parcels owned by Pos Malaysia Approval by Federal Land Commissioner to develop its land parcels An increasing usage of e-mails and online transactions 2. 6. The Masterbrand The word POS lays the foundation for the brand and gives the inspiration for its aspiration by providing focus for the expansion of its vision. Its bold font represents Pos Malaysias established solidity through the years and it is coloured in Pos Malaysias corporate colour, symbolizing its commitment as the premier postal service provider. The word Malaysia, in POS blue, goes well with the contrast colour red of the word POS and gives synergy to the overall concept. The three birds represent the united vision, action, and ambition of Pos Malaysia. Their upwards flight presents Pos Malaysia as a forward looking, progressive and integrated postal service provider, able to rise to any challenge that we may face. The Wing also rises up. It supports the white bird of Pos Malaysia as they fly. It establishes Pos Malaysia as a dominant force, with the intent to rise to any challenge. It ends in a high, symbolising the focused and concentrated effort in delivering and achieving more. 3. 0 GD Express Sdn Bhd 3. 1. Company Profile GD Express Sdn Bhd (GDEX) was formed in 1997 to provide express delivery service for both the domestic and international markets. It operates a network of 136 stations, comprising 59 branches, 2 affiliate stations, 52 agents and 23 lodge-in centers throughout East and West Malaysia. GDEX has a fleet of more than 400 trucks and vans used primarily for hauling of documents and parcels between stations and the National for local pick-ups and deliveries. The companys express delivery service operation is structured along the Hub and Spoke concept whereby customers packages are collected by the branches, sent by trucks to a Central Clearing Hub for sorting and then redirected to their ultimate destinations. The group currently employs more than 2000 staff. GDEX is the first local express delivery company to obtain ISO 9001: 2000(Quality Management System) certification for all its entire 25 departments in 2003. In November 2009, GDEX upgraded its (Quality Management System) to ISO 9001: 2008 covering 27 departments. In November 2012, GDEX obtained ISO 14001:2004 (Environmental Management System) certification. Both systems were integrated as Quality and Environmental Management System to facilitate operations procedures complying with two international standards. GDE X is listed on the ACE market of Bursa Malaysia through its holding company GD Express Carrier Bhd in May 2005. 3. 2. Vision and Mission. GD Express Express Sdn Bhd vision is to a team of caring and passionate people, an organization of sound value and dynamic processes, empowering its customers with value-for-money effective solutions and contributing to the well-being of the community by being role model in the Logistic Service Industry. Meanwhile, mission of GDEX is to deliver the most trusted and professional express carrier services in the countries they operate. 3. 3. Company Philosophy GD Express management philosophy starts with people refer to themselves, and ends with people refer to their customers. GDEX core values revolve around people, emphasizing on respecting, developing and caring for their staff and network members. Correspondingly, GDEX people are expected to be pro-active, professional, honest, improvement seeking and problem solving. They believe that only people with such qualities can perform with integrity to deliver a cost effective, speedy and reliable express carrier service. GDEX are committed to fulfilling the management principles laid down when they review, modify or reconstruct our organization structure, operating systems, administrative functions, financial management, internal controls and marketing strategies. GDEX will ensure every action in the company has to be objective oriented and accountable, while every member is remunerated according to performance. While people are the subject of their core values systems, these values have to be protected and preserved above all. Putting in place corporate governance ensures that operations will be conducted properly, that check and balance must function to govern every person in the organization, including the most senior. Only when this is in place can GDEX become a truly reputable logistics-based institution. Adopting the core values and management principles when modifying or building the systems is a long and never-ending process. While this is in progress, the management continues to implement quick measures in dealing with immediate operational issues. At GDEX, it is understood that every member, including the Managing Director, must be hands-on. Managers go down to the floor and work alongside the clerical and delivery staff, learning, guiding and solving problems along the way, and treating each other with care and respect. The reciprocal commitment between our staff and management is the foundation of the commitment to their customers. 4. 0 Pos Malaysia Berhad and GD Express Sdn Bhd Analysis 4. 1. Income Statement 4. 1. 1. Revenue As we can see at the graft above, the revenue of Pos Malaysia has decrease by RM212. 15 million (14. 32%) from year 2008 to 2009. In 2010, the revenue star increase year by year. The highest revenue recorded by Pos Malaysia is in year 2011/12 due to 15 months performance. Revenue of Pos Malaysia comes from sales of their major products and services which are mail, courier and retail services. Mail business contributes 62. 2% or RM92. 15 million from total sales in year 2011/12. Under this mail services, POS has introduce direct mail services to further enhance promotions efforts of customers’ products and services. POS also introduce PosEdaran services, including MyDespatch and MyShopping products with focus on merchandise delivery and allow customers to shop from home. Meanwhile, courier business contributes RM308. 7 million or 20. 8% from total sales of Pos Malaysia in year 2011/12. POS has continuously expand network coverage area by opening new outlets to provide greater accessibility and convenience o their customers. POS has continues to upgrade the track and trace system and also venture into new services which are warehousing and Umra’ baggage handling. Retail business contribute around RM202. 6 million, 13. 7% from its total sales by continues to leverage on extensive branch network to create post offices as â€Å"One-Stop solutions’ centre for the public and introduce new business model such as â€Å"[emailprotected]† and PosAssurance. Effective on 1 July 2010, government has  announced the new tariff for domestic postage. The price for domestic postage stamps for standard mail weighting up to 20 gram was increase to 30 cents to 60 cent. Meanwhile mail up to 50 grams was increase from 40 cents to 70 cents. The revised tariff from government is also one of the reasons for increasing revenue each year. For GDEX, you can see that the y perform on an increasing form. This is because more and more people want their item to be delivered on time, so GDEX is up to that standard. Not to say that Pos Malaysia deliver slow, but the item they sent is not up to their promise. GDEX also show an increase in revenue due to a increase in the courier item tariff. The highest recorded revenue was in 2012, and increase of 25% from the previous year. This is due to advertising that GDEX have done by giving out brochure to advertise their service. They also make a few contract with few online shopping company for example LAZADA and ZALORA that also help boost their performance and revenue over the year. Since the online shopping is getting more and more popular, it is projected that GDEX will continue to improve their revenue over the year. Operating Profit Operating profit of Pos Malaysia shows a decrease of 4. 5% (RM3. 88 million) form year 2008 to 2009 due to lower or decrease in revenue for year 2009. The operating profit start increase until year by year until 2012/13. Due to 15 month performance, the operating profit in year 2011/12 shows the highest profit for POS. POS has incurred around RM1. 30 billion for their operating expenses. POS has spend 60% from the operating expenditure for their staff cost in year 2011/12 and increase to 61. 4% in year 2012/13. As at 31 March 2013, 16,245 number of staff recorder by Pos Malaysia Berhad and it is the highest number of staff recorded since POS has establish. This staff cost include salaries, bonuses, allowances and contributions to Employees’ Provident Fund for staff exclude their key management personnel. The second highest operating expenditure incurred by POS is transportation, 12. 8% from total operating expenditure incurred in year 2011/12 and reduce to 12. 0% in year 2012/13. Total 8,200 number of vehicle own by Pos Malaysia as at 31 March 2013. This transportation includes van, truck and motorcycle use for shipping of documents and parcels between stations and the National for local pick-ups and deliveries. Transportation cost incurred includes fuel, maintenance, renewal of road tax and others. As you can see in operating expenditure graph, the staff cost for 2012 increase significantly because of their business expanding so their need more staff to deliver the item. The increase of operating profit over the previous year is 23%, this shows that the operating profit is at a very good level and maintain very well by the company. Transportation cost increase by a little due to an asset increment to buy new transportation, so that will increase the company transportation cost. 4. 1. 3. Net Profit Before Taxation (NPBT) Pos Malaysia incurred net loss on year 2008. This loss is due to reversal of impairment loss on financial assets amounted to RM116. 10 million. In year 2009, POS started gain a profit of RM109. 26 million. The impairment on loss on financial asset has been writ back at RM4. 89 million. The profit before tax decrease by 9. 33% from year 2009 to 2010. During 2010, POS incurred impairment loss on financial asset designated as available for sales and impairment loss on property plan and equipment. Both amounted to RM25. 09 million and RM22. 27 million. In year 2011/12, changes in new Chairman give positive picture to POS net profit before tax when the profit increase by RM101. 14 million and RM8. 33 million in the following year. During that year, Pos Malaysia has included zakat assessment in their profit before tax. The zakat assessment is based on net current assets or based on results of the year. For GDEX on the other hand, in 2008, the profit is RM4. 354 million but drop 18% on 2009 due to economic distress on the year and due to the rise of fuel price at the end of 2008 that give significant negative effect to the company that make their profit drop to RM3. 561 million. In 2010, GDEX regain their strength and increase their profit more than 130% than previous year. This all due to efficient man handling and contract signing to increase their profit to RM8. 257 million. For 2011 and 2012 the company shows improvement to their profit. This shows that the company generate profit more and more every year and have quality and efficiency to make profit. 4. 2. Balance Sheet 4. 2. 1. Asset Pos Malaysia shows an increase in their PPE over the years except for 2012 that show a slight decrease in their PPE valuation (3%) over the 2011 PPE. Intangible asset or the company goodwill remain the same over the five years perios that is RM4. 63 million. For investment of Pos Malaysia, for long term and also short term investment you can see that based on the horizontal analysis, the company are reducing their investment over the years. Their investment become smaller over the years but for 2010 the short term investment for Pos Malaysia increase significantly that is by more RM97 million. But the long term investment on that year decrease from RM208 million(2009) to RM96 million in (2010). For cash and cash equivalent, for 2009 the amount drop by 46% from the previous year due to the loss incurred in 2008 that is from RM2. 715 million to RM1. 453 million. The amount increase 3% in 2010 to RM1. 503 million. But drop back by RM1. 313 million in 2011 to RM190,000. But for 2012, the company increase their cash by 680% to RM1. 482 million. For GDEX, they manage to increase their total asset over the years. But the in 2011, GDEX manage to increase their asset to more than 50% from previous year from RM57 million to RM86 million. This is due to the increase in their PPE and also prepaid land lease. For the year 2011, GDEX bought PPE such as truck, motorcycle and others to deliver their item faster. The company goodwill remain the same over the 5 years. GDEX show a decrease in trade receivable in 2009 because of the market during that time, but increase back their receivable for the next 3 years to RM27million from RM16 million in 2009. Liability Pos Malaysia liability divided into two main parts that is current liability and non-current liability. Part of current liability is short term borrowing, current tax liabilities and the major part of current liability is trade payable. The trade payables of Pos Malaysia over the years are 95% of its total liabilities. The trade payable of Pos Malaysia had a decrease from RM725 million to RM422 million in year 2009. But in 2010 the value of trade payable increase to RM471 million. The value again increase in 2011 and 2012 to RM564 million and RM605 million. GDEX liability have to major source for it non current liability that is the long term borrowing. In 2011, the borrowing increase drastically due to new loan that their make to finance for the purchase of their asset. The value increase by five time from the year before. But the value drop by 3% because of the borrowing were transfer to short term portion. For the other payables, in 2012 it increase significantly from the previous year that is an increase of almost 60% due to the borrowing that their make during the year. 5. 0 Ratio Analysis 5. 1. Profitability ratio Profitability ratio is to measure company ability to generate profits as compared to expenses over a specific time period. Gross profit margin determines company’s efficiency to manage the cost of its inventory and manufacturing of its products and subsequently pass on the costs to its customers. Net Profit Margin before tax 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 POS -3. 61% 8. 50% 6. 61% 9. 37% 11. 92% GDEX 4. 4% 2. 77% 7. 27% 7. 50% 7. 52% Net profit margin ratio is calculated to determine profit that company’s earned after deducting all of expenses. For the purpose to analyze and compare company performance with its competitor, we used net profit margin before tax because each companies will have different and vary amount of taxation. Both companies, POS and GDEX show an increase in profit margin. Between these two companies, Pos Malaysia shows an improvement in both operational efficiency and profitability. From negative net profit margin in 2008, POS has show an improvement in 2009. Increase by 4. 89% of net profit margin mean that the company improved its profit and efficiency by 4. 89%. Even though the net profit margin has decrease by 1.  89% in year 2009 to 2010, but POS increase back their profit margin from year 2010 to 2011/12 and 2011/12 to 2012/13. A higher net profit margin of POS compare to GDEX shows that POS perform better than GDEX from year to year. 5. 2. Liquidity ratio Liquidity ratio is use to determine the company’s ability to converts its assets to cash without a loss in value to meet its short ter m obligations. Most of creditors will use liquidity ratio in order to predict and measure whether company able to make payment on time to them and continue to meet its short term obligation even when facing unforeseen event. Working Capital

The Information Age Net Neutrality examples Essay Example For Students

The Information Age: Net Neutrality examples Essay Net NeutralityThe 21st Century, commonly referred to as the Information Age, is largely dependent on the Internet. The Internet has historically been an open medium, as it provides access to the world’s largest collection of information. In order to protect this establishment, The Federal Communications Committee (FCC), a government agency which serves as an authority on communications law, regulation, and technological advancement, put in place a set of laws, called the Open Internet Order, in order to establish a concept of net neutrality. These net neutrality laws stood in effect until January 14, 2014, when a Federal Appeals Court struck down the Open Internet Order, on the grounds that the FCC had overstepped its authority to regulate this field. Net neutrality, as defined by the Oxford English Dictionary, is â€Å"the fact or principle of Internet service providers enabling access to all content and applications regardless of the source or destination, and without favor ing or blocking particular formats, products, web sites, etc. We will write a custom essay on The Information Age: Net Neutrality examples specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now † (net, n.1). That means that if two users share a common Internet Service Provider (ISP), they are entitled to the same quality of service regardless of data size. If one user is downloading large music files, while the other is sending an email, their quality of service should be the same. Net neutrality laws are important and necessary because they protect against Internet Service Providers forming monopolies on the market, screening the content a user can view, and stifling freedom of speech. By shooting down the FCC’s Open Internet Act, doors have been opened to Internet Service Providers to be price hungry merchants, ultimately hurting content providers and customers alike. The court’s decision to. .v.-Dec. 2010: 6+. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 3 Feb. 2014.Clemmitt, M. (2012, April 13). Internet regulation. CQ Researcher, 22, 325-348. Retrieved from http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/Franken, Al. Net Neutrality Is Foremost Free Speech Issue of Our Time. CNN. Cable News Network, 05 Aug. 2010. Web. 03 Feb. 2014.Maisto, Michelle. FCC, Net Neutrality Lose Out To Verizon In District Court Ruling. Eweek (2014): 4. Academic Search Premier. Web. 3 Feb. 2014. net, n.1. OED Online. December 2013. Oxford University Press. 1 February 2014 oed.com/view/Entry/126280?redirectedFrom=net+neutrality>.Net Neutrality: What You Need to Know in a Pay-to-play Internet World. The Republican. N.p. , 27 Jan. 2014. Web. 01 Feb. 2014.Stucke, Maurice E. Journal of Antitrust Enforcement. Is Competition Always Good?N.p., 28 Mar. 2013. Web. 03 Feb. 2014.

The Sewing Machine and the Textile Revolution

The Sewing Machine and the Textile Revolution Before the invention of the sewing machine, most sewing was done by individuals in their homes. However, many people offered services as tailors or seamstresses in small shops where wages were very low. Thomas Hoods ballad The Song of the Shirt, published in 1843, depicts the hardships of the English seamstress: With fingers weary and worn, With eyelids heavy and red, A woman sat in unwomanly rags, Plying her needle and thread. Elias Howe In Cambridge, Massachusetts, one inventor was struggling to put into metal an idea to lighten the toil of those who lived by the needle. Elias Howe was born in Massachusett in 1819. His father was an unsuccessful farmer, who also had some small mills, but seems to have succeeded in nothing he undertook. Howe led the typical life of a New England country boy, going to school in winter and working about the farm until the age of sixteen, handling tools every day. Hearing of the high wages and interesting work in Lowell, a growing town on the Merrimac River, he went there in 1835 and found employment; but two years later, he left Lowell and went to work in a machine shop in Cambridge. Elias Howe then moved to Boston, and worked in the machine shop of Ari Davis, an eccentric maker and repairer of fine machinery. This is where Elias Howe, as a young mechanic, first heard of sewing machines and began to puzzle over the problem. First Sewing Machines Before Elias Howes time, many inventors had attempted to make sewing machines and some had just fallen short of success. Thomas Saint, an Englishman, had patented one fifty years earlier. About this very time, a Frenchman named Thimonnier was working eighty sewing machines to make army uniforms, when the tailors of Paris, fearing that the bread was to be taken from them, broke into his workroom and destroyed the machines. Thimonnier tried again, but his machine never came into general use. Several patents had been issued on sewing machines in the United States, but without any practical result. An inventor named Walter Hunt had discovered the principle of the lock-stitch and had built a machine, but he abandoned his invention just as success was in sight, believing it would cause unemployment. Elias Howe probaly knew nothing of any of these inventors. There is no evidence that he had ever seen the work of another. Elias Howe Begins Inventing The idea of a mechanical sewing machine obsessed Elias Howe. However, Howe was married and had children, and his wages were only nine dollars a week. Howe found support from an old schoolmate, George Fisher, who agreed to support Howes family and furnish him with five hundred dollars for materials and tools. The attic in Fishers house in Cambridge was converted into a workroom for Howe. Howes first efforts were failures, until the idea of the lock stitch came to him. Previously all sewing machines (except Walter Hunts) had used the chain stitch, which wasted thread and easily unraveled. The two threads of the lock stitch cross, and the lines of stitches show the same on both sides. The chain stitch is a crochet or knitting stitch, while the lock stitch is a weaving stitch. Elias Howe had been working at night and was on his way home, gloomy and despondent, when this idea dawned on his mind, probably rising out of his experience in the cotton mill. The shuttle would be driven back and forth as in a loom, as he had seen it thousands of times, and passed through a loop of thread which the curved needle would throw out on the other side of the cloth. The cloth would be fastened to the machine vertically by pins. A curved arm would ply the needle with the motion of a pick-axe. A handle attached to the fly-wheel would furnish the power. Commercial Failure Elias Howe made a machine which, crude as it was, sewed more rapidly than five of the swiftest needle workers. But his machine was too expensive, it could sew only a straight seam, and it easily got out of order. The needle workers were opposed, as they have generally been, to any sort of labor-saving machinery that might cost them their jobs, and there was no clothing manufacturer willing to buy even one machine at the price Howe asked- three hundred dollars. Elias Howes 1846 Patent Elias Howes second sewing machine design was an improvement on his first. It was more compact and ran more smoothly. George Fisher took Elias Howe and his prototype to the patent office in Washington, paying all the expenses, and a patent was issued to the inventor in September 1846. The second machine also failed to find buyers. George Fisher had invested about two thousand dollars, and he could not, or would not, invest more. Elias Howe returned temporarily to his fathers farm to wait for better times. Meanwhile, Elias Howe sent one of his brothers to London with a sewing machine to see if any sales could be found there, and in due time an encouraging report came to the destitute inventor. A corsetmaker named Thomas had paid two hundred and fifty pounds for the English rights and had promised to pay a royalty of three pounds on each machine sold. Moreover, Thomas invited the inventor to London to construct a machine especially for making corsets. Elias Howe went to London and later sent for his family. But after working eight months on small wages, he was as badly off as ever, for, though he had produced the desired machine, he quarrelled with Thomas, and their relations came to an end. An acquaintance, Charles Inglis, advanced Elias Howe a little money while he worked on another model. This enabled Elias Howe to send his family home to America, and then, by selling his last model and pawning his patent rights, he raised enough money to take passage himself in the steerage in 1848, accompanied by Inglis, who came to try his fortune in the United States. Elias Howe landed in New York with a few cents in his pocket and immediately found work. But his wife was dying from the hardships she had suffered due to stark poverty. At her funeral, Elias Howe wore borrowed clothes, for his only suit was the one he wore in the shop. After his wife died, Elias Howes invention came into its own. Other sewing machines were being made and sold and those machines were using the principles covered by Elias Howes patent. Businessman George Bliss a man of means, had bought out George Fishers interest and proceeded to prosecute  the patent infringers. Meanwhile Elias Howe went on making machines. He produced 14 in New York during the 1850s and never lost an opportunity to show the merits of the invention, which was being advertised and brought to notice by the activities of some of the infringers, particularly by Isaac Singer, the best businessman of them all. Isaac Singer had joined forces with  Walter Hunt. Hunt had tried to patent the machine which he had abandoned nearly twenty years before. The suits dragged on until 1854, when the case was decisively settled in Elias Howes favor. His patent was declared basic, and all the makers of sewing machines must pay him a royalty of 25 dollars on every machine. So Elias Howe woke one morning to find himself enjoying a large income, which in time rose as high as four thousand dollars a week, and he died in 1867 a rich man. Improvements to the Sewing Machine Though the basic nature of Elias Howes patent was recognized, his sewing machine was only a rough beginning. Improvements followed, one after another, until the sewing machine bore little resemblance to Elias Howes original. John Bachelder introduced the horizontal table upon which to lay the work. Through an opening in the table, tiny spikes in an endless belt projected and pushed the work forward continuously. Allan B. Wilson devised a rotary hook carrying a bobbin to do the work of the shuttle. He also invented the small serrated bar which pops up through the table near the needle, moves forward a tiny space (carrying the cloth with it), drops down just below the upper surface of the table, and returns to its starting point- repeating over and over again this series of motions. This simple device brought its owner a fortune. Isaac Singer, destined to be the dominant figure of the industry, patented in 1851 a machine stronger than any of the others and with several valuable features, notably the vertical presser foot held down by a spring. Singer was the first to adopt the treadle, leaving both hands of the operator free to manage the work. His machine was good, but, rather than its surpassing merits, it was his wonderful business ability that made the name of Singer a household word. Competion Among Sewing Machine Manufacturers By 1856 there were several manufacturers in the field threatening war on each other. All men were paying tribute to Elias Howe, for his patent was basic, and all could join in fighting him. But there were several other devices almost equally fundamental, and even if Howes patents had been declared void, it is probable that his competitors would have fought quite as fiercely among themselves. At the suggestion of George Gifford, a New York attorney, the leading inventors and manufacturers agreed to pool their inventions and to establish a fixed license fee for the use of each. This combination was composed of Elias Howe, Wheeler and Wilson, Grover and Baker, and Isaac Singer, and dominated the field until after 1877, when the majority of the basic patents expired. The members manufactured sewing machines and sold them in America and Europe. Isaac Singer introduced the installment plan of sale, to bring the machine within reach of the poor. The sewing machine agent, with a machine or two on his wagon, drove through every small town and country district, demonstrating and selling. Meanwhile, the price of the machines steadily fell, until it seemed that Isaac Singers slogan, A machine in every home! was in a fair way to be realized, had not another development of the sewing machine intervened.

Have to and Must - ESL Grammar Lesson Plans

Have to and Must - ESL Grammar Lesson Plans Many students often confuse the usage of the modals must and have to. While meaning is generally maintained in incorrect usage in the positive forms, a mix-up in the negative forms can cause confusion. This lesson uses daily routines and an interviewing game to help students master these important modal forms. Aim: Learn the modal forms have to and must Activity: Grammar introduction/review, talking about daily routines and interview game Level: Lower levels Outline: Ask students to talk about their daily routines. Have them make a list of five things that they have to do every day.Introduce the grammar by having the students take a look at the grammar sheet below.Discuss the differences between have to and must in the positive form. Make sure to point out that have to is used for daily routines while must is used for strong personal obligation.Discuss the differences between dont have to and mustnt. Make sure to stress the idea that dont have to expresses the idea that the person isnt required to do something but may do so if he/she would like while mustnt expresses the idea of prohibition.In order to encourage students to favor the use of have to, spend the rest of the lesson focusing on daily responsibilities in the following exercises.Ask students to take out the list they created earlier and re-write the list using have to.Ask students to choose a job from the list provided (you might want to first check that students are familiar with the j obs listed) and think about what a person working in that profession has to do. Once you have given students a chance to think a while, play a variation on the 20 questions game. You can begin by choosing a profession and having students ask you 10 or 15 questions about what you have to do in this job. Questions can only be answered by yes, no or sometimes.The student who guesses the name of your profession should be the next to be asked the 15 questions. Another variation on this game is for students to play the game in pairs. Have to - Must Study the Use of Have to and Must in the Chart Below Must/Have To - Mustnt/Not Have To Listed below are examples and uses of must/have to/mustnt/not have to Example Chart Examples Usage We have to get up early.She had to work hard yesterday.They will have to arrive early.Does he have to go? Use have to in the past, present, and future to express responsibility or necessity. NOTE: have to is conjugated as a regular verb and therefore requires an auxiliary verb in the question form or negative. I must finish this work before I leave.Must you work so hard? Use must to express something that you or a person feels is necessary. This form is used only in the present and future. You dont have to arrive before 8.They didnt have to work so hard. The negative form of have to expresses the idea that something is not required. It is, however, possible if so desired. She mustnt use such horrible language.Tom. You mustnt play with fire. The negative form of must expresses the idea that something is prohibited - this form is very different in meaning than the negative of have to! Did the have to leave so early?He had to stay overnight in Dallas. IMPORTANT: The past form of have to and must is had to. Must does not exist in the past. Choose a profession from the list below and think about what a person doing that job has to do every day. Professions and Jobs - What do they have to do? accountant actor air steward architect assistant author baker builder businessman / businesswoman / executive butcher chef civil servant clerk computer operator / programmer cook dentist doctor driver bus / taxi / train driver garbageman (refuse collector) electrician engineer farmer hairdresser journalist judge lawyer manager musician nurse photographer pilot plumber police officer politician receptionist sailor salesman / saleswoman /salesperson scientist secretary soldier teacher telephone operator Back to lessons resource page